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IFN-α and TNF-α enhance influenza A virus-induced IFN-β, IL-28, and IL-29 gene expression. A549 cells were left untreated or pretreated with IFN-α (100 IU/ml) or TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 24 h, followed by infection with influenza A virus (A/Beijing/353/89; multiplicity of infection, 2) for 6 h. The cells were collected, total cellular RNA was prepared, and IFN-β, IL-28, and IL-29 mRNA expression was studied by Northern blotting.
