TABLE 1.

—Baseline Sociodemographic Characteristics of the Smoking Cohort, by Program Study Condition

	Choice, No Incentive	Choice, Incentive	Group, No Incentive	Group, Incentive	Phone, No Incentive	Phone, Incentive
Characteristic	(n = 418)	(n = 483)	(n = 415)	(n = 380)	(n = 305)	(n = 481)	P
Mean age, y	36	40	39	40	40	39	.0001
Female, %	50	61	58	64	50	54	.001
Educational level, %
High school or less	31	40	37	30	20	32
Vocational school	20	22	21	25	23	19
Some college	28	20	25	29	35	25
College degree	22	17	17	17	22	23	.001
Occupational level, %
Professional/managerial	28	17	20	18	14	21
White collar	36	24	24	22	55	50
Blue collar	36	59	56	60	30	29	.001
Marital status, %
Married/partner	59	60	60	63	72	59
Divorced/separated/widowed	15	22	24	20	18	24
Never married	25	18	17	17	10	17	.001
White, %	89	91	96	93	95	93	.006
% whose first cigarette of day was within 30 min of waking	49	60	56	55	52	51	.044
Median confidence in ability to quit (scale = 0–10)	6.2	5.5	5.9	5.9	6.1	6.0	.0358
Stage of change, %
Precontemplation	46	42	48	44	38	45
Contemplation	38	45	38	41	46	41
Preparation for action	16	13	14	15	16	15	.308