TABLE 4.
—Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) and Associated 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for Factors Associated With Use of Physical Manipulation Methods Among California SWAN Participants, by Ethnicity
| White (n = 186) | Japanese (n = 90) | Chinese (n = 210) | ||||
| Independent Variables | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI |
| Symptoms | ||||||
| Vasomotor | ||||||
| Most/all | —a | — | 5.66 | 1.02, 31.30 | ||
| Some | — | — | 1.60 | 0.53, 4.85 | ||
| None | — | — | 1 | NA | ||
| Baseline CAM use | ||||||
| Herbs | 2.90 | 0.99, 8.50 | — | — | ||
| Physical remedies | 21.77 | 7.31, 64.78 | 8.08 | 1.81, 35.97 | 7.92 | 2.83, 22.18 |
| Psychological remedies | 4.00 | 1.67, 9.54 | — | — | ||
| Folk remedies | 0.09 | 0.02, 0.49 | — | — | ||
| Other correlates | ||||||
| Age | 0.93 | 0.81, 1.07 | — | 0.77 | 0.64, 0.92 | |
| Income <$75 000/y | — | — | 0.61 | 0.24, 1.56 | ||
| Less than college education | — | 0.21 | 0.05, 0.85 | 0.71 | 0.27, 1.90 | |
| Change in health status | ||||||
| Improved | 1.15 | 0.37, 3.61 | — | — | ||
| No change | 1.50 | 0.54, 4.20 | — | — | ||
| Worse | 1 | NA | — | — | ||
| Menopause transition | ||||||
| Pre- to perimenopausal | — | 3.86 | 0.53, 28.07 | — | ||
| Peri- to perimenopausal | — | 1.46 | 0.23, 9.22 | — | ||
| Pre- to premenopausal | — | 1 | NA | — | ||
| Ever smoked | 3.28 | 1.33, 8.08 | — | — | ||
| Physical activity | — | — | 0.98 | 0.74, 1.29 | ||
| Body mass index | — | — | 1.01 | 0.90, 1.13 | ||
| Bodily pain score | — | — | 0.97 | 0.95, 1.00 | ||
| Somatosensory score | 1.08 | 0.91, 1.28 | — | 0.91 | 0.76, 1.09 | |
| Aging attitudes | — | 1.39 | 1.01, 1.93 | 1.16 | 1.01, 1.33 | |
| Emotional role limitations | 0.98 | 0.97, 0.99 | — | — | ||
| Social support | — | 0.61 | 0.43, 0.88 | — | ||
| Stress | — | — | 0.84 | 0.69, 1.01 | ||
Note. SWAN = Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation; CAM = complementary and alternative medicine; NA = not applicable.
aVariable not included in model.