TABLE 1—

Comparison of Leavers and Clients: Demographic Variables and Program Participation

Characteristics	Leavers (n = 188), %	Clients (n = 280), %	Total (n = 468), %	Pa
Age, y				NS
15–29	51.6	52.9	52.4
≥ 30	48.4	47.1	47.6
Education				.065
Less than high school	49.2	56.8	53.8
High school or more	50.8	43.2	46.2
Marital status				.015
Living with a partner	56.4	66.8	62.6
Not living with a partner	43.6	33.2	37.4
Employment				.001
Not working	53.0	67.6	61.8
Workingb	47.0	32.4	38.2
Birthplace				NS
Foreign born	89.8	88.9	89.3
US born	10.2	11.1	10.7
Years in US among foreign born				.036
0–7	45.6	55.4	51.4
> 7	54.4	44.6	48.6
Program participation
WIC for selfc	23.9	17.4	20.0	.054
WIC for child	95.7	97.1	96.6	NS
Medicaid for self	29.9	25.4	27.2	NS
Medicaid for child	65.8	75.5	71.6	.016
Child Health Plus for child	19.1	14.4	16.3	NS
Current TANF	9.6	8.9	9.2	NS
Previous TANFd	17.5	10.2	13.1	.021
Food stamps	16.5	18.7	17.8	NS

Note. Leavers are former WIC participants; clients are continuing WIC participants. Values refer to the percentages of respondents replying affirmatively. Missing data are excluded in all tables. TANF = Temporary Assistance to Needy Families.

^aχ² test.

^bIncludes part-time and full-time employment.

^cMore than 80% of these women also received WIC for a child.

^dDoes not include women currently receiving TANF.