TABLE 1—

Independent Variables Used in the Analyses

Variable	Measures	Mean, % (n = 2968)
Childhood environment
Residential stability	1 = moved 0 to 2 times; 0 = moved 3 or more times	70.4
Family stability	1 = lived with biological parents through age 16; 0 = other	74.3
Family poverty	1 = grew up “somewhat worse off” or “a lot worse off” than other families; 0 = other	3.3
Family structure
Marital status	1 = married; 0 = other	68.1
Number of children	Range: 0–5	2.0
Social supports
Positive relations with friends	Range: 1–4	3.2
Positive relations with extended family	Range: 1–4	3.4
Community support
Neighborhood context	Range: 1–4	3.4
Religious participation	1 = attends service at least once a week; 0 = other	36.6
Control variables
Sex	1 = male; 0 = female	43.3
Race	1 = Black; 0 = White or other	11.1
Household income	Household income in thousands ($)	46.4
Education
Less than high school	Reference category	13.2
High school	1 = high school graduate; 0 = other	63.9
College degree	1 = college degree; 0 = other	23.1
Age, y
25–34	1 = 25–34 years; 0 = other	26.0
35–44	1 = 35–44 years; 0 = other	28.0
45–54	Reference category	19.2
55–64	1 = 55–64 years; 0 = other	15.2
65–74	1 = 65–74 years; 0 = other	11.6