TABLE 1—

Characteristics of the Study Population: North Carolina, 1992–1997

	Mean or Percentage	SD	Minimum	Maximum
WIC variables
Time WIC vouchers were used, mo per year	4.47	3.06	0	12
Infant WIC participation	51%	0.33	0	1
Outcome variables
Any dental visit in a year	7.1%	0.25	0	1
Number of dental visits per year	0.4	2.02	0	6
Had a preventive visit in a year	6.6%	0.25	0	1
Had a restorative visit in a year	2.2%	0.15	0	1
Had an emergency visit in a year	1.5%	0.12	0	1
Control variables
Maternal age, y	21	5.51	13	39
Maternal education	11th grade	4.39	9	18
Medicaid enrollment, mo per year	7.6	5.26	1	12
Household income, $	20 550	4140	12 200	29 130
No. dentists/population	6.820	3.81	0	17.6
Unmarried	54%	0.48	0	1
Non-White	48%	0.50	0	1

Note. WIC = Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.