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. 2004 Sep;94(9):1515–1518. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.9.1515

TABLE 1—

Labor-Force Participation Status, by Selected Characteristics: Results From the Canadian Working-Age (25–64 Years) Population

Percentage in the Labor Force
Overall 48.28
Age, y
    25–34 64.23
    35–44 59.04
    45–54 48.74
    55–64 23.75
Gender
    Male 54.01
    Female 42.35
Education
    Primary or lower 20.02
    Secondary 45.23
    Postsecondary 50.60
Occupationa
    Nonprofessional 61.21
    Semiprofessional 71.41
    Professional 73.42
Lower-body activity limitations?b
    Walking 350 m
        No 60.47
        Yes 31.14
    Walking up or down a flight of stairs
        No 59.18
        Yes 34.36
    Carrying 10 lbs
        No 57.12
        Yes 33.24
    Moving from one room to another
        No 51.05
        Yes 29.87
    Standing for more than 20 min
        No 57.90
        Yes 35.89
    Bending down and picking up an object
        No 55.94
        Yes 36.91
Upper-body activity limitations?b
    Dressing and undressing
        No 51.53
        Yes 32.85
    Getting into and out of bed
        No 42.70
        Yes 36.47
    Cutting toenails
        No 54.85
        Yes 31.67
    Grasping
        No 51.72
        Yes 35.80
    Reaching in any direction
        No 53.18
        Yes 53.18
    Cutting food
        No 50.06
        Yes 28.61

aFor those with valid information only.

bYes = disability or unable to do.