Restriction enzyme digestion of extrachromosomal elements in untransformed and pCM66-transformed pure culture isolates of “Candidatus Arsenophonus arthropodicus.” (A) Extrachromosomal DNA from untransformed bacteria before digestion (lane 1) and after digestion with EcoRI (lane 2), XbaI (lane 3), and CspCI (lane 4). Arrows indicate EcoRI and XbaI fragments of the 10-kbp plasmid pARS1. (B) Extrachromosomal DNA from untransformed bacteria digested with XbaI (lane 1), extrachromosomal DNA from pCM66-transformed bacteria digested with XbaI (lane 2), and plasmid pCM66 DNA digested with XbaI (lane 3). The XbaI-linearized fragment of pCM66 (7.6 kbp) is highlighted with an arrow. Lanes labeled M contain the Promega 1-kbp benchtop ladder (A) and Promega 1-kbp step ladder (B), with fragment sizes indicated adjacent to the gel photographs.