TABLE 2—
Smoking Behaviors and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Ever Smokers, by Gender and Nativity Status: Mexican American Residents of Houston, Tex
| Men | Women | |||||||
| Mexican Born, Country of Smoking Initiation | Mexican Born, Country of Smoking Initiation | |||||||
| Characteristic | US Born (n = 290) | US (n = 119) | Mexico (n = 373) | P | US Born (n = 309) | US (n= 147) | Mexico (n = 275) | P |
| Mean no. of years smoking (SD) | 23.1 (15.9) | 15.7 (13.4) | 22.1 (13.6) | <.001 | 19.8 (14.2) | 11.9 (10.7) | 19.3(13.7) | <.001 |
| Mean no. of cigarettes/d (SD) | 12.5 (13.2) | 8.1 (8.0) | 10.1 (9.9) | .001 | 11.1 (14.3) | 7.3 (7.8) | 8.1 (8.8) | <.001 |
| Mean no. of pack-yearsa (SD) | 17.0 (23.8) | 7.1 (10.8) | 12.4 (18.2) | <.001 | 12.1 (17.6) | 5.3 (8.1) | 9.3 (16.0) | <.001 |
| Mean age of initiation, y (SD) | 17.0 (5.4) | 21.6 (8.4) | 16.4 (4.0) | <.001 | 19.8 (8.1) | 25.8 (10.7) | 18.6 (5.7) | <.001 |
| Mean age at migration | ||||||||
| ≤15 | 17.3 (4.8) | 19.7 (7.2) | ||||||
| 16–25 | 24.3 (7.3) | 25.8 (7.2) | ||||||
| ≥26 | 37.3 (11.7) | <.001 | 39.5 (9.6) | <.001 | ||||
| Mean age at cessation, yb | 39.9 (16.3) | 35.2 (13.6) | 36.4 (14.4) | .065 | 37.6 (15.2) | 36.6 (13.9) | 34.8(13.7) | .239 |
| Mean level of acculturation (SD) | 3.3 (0.7) | 2.5 (0.9) | 1.9 (0.7) | <.001 | 3.3 (0.7) | 2.3 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.7) | <.001 |
| Education level, no. (%)c | ||||||||
| Less than high school | 136 (46.9) | 88 (73.9) | 276 (74.0) | 145 (46.9) | 85 (57.8) | 187 (68.0) | ||
| High school or more | 154 (53.1) | 31 (26.1) | 97 (26.0) | <.001 | 164 (53.1) | 62 (42.2) | 88 (32.0) | <.001 |
aPack-years = (number cigarettes per day/20) × (years smoked).
bn = 138, n = 44, n = 196, n = 150, n = 64, and n = 167, respectively.
cSignificance tests based on Pearson χ2 analyses (2-sided); all other significance tests based on one-way analysis of variance.