TABLE 2—
Risk Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) for Increased Sales of Nicotine Patches and Gum Before and After Implementation of State and City Cigarette Tax Increases, by Pharmacy Location, With Temporal and Seasonal Trends Controlled: New York City, January 2002–January 2004
| Pharmacy Locationa | ||||
| Commuter Area (n = 73) | Low-Income Areas (n = 33) | Medium-Income Areas (n = 28) | High-Income Areas (n = 32) | |
| Nicotine patch | ||||
| State cigarette tax increaseb | ||||
| Week −1 | 1.01 (0.90, 1.13) | 1.30c (1.10, 1.54) | 1.29c (1.09, 1.53) | 1.00 (0.77, 1.31) |
| Week 0 | 1.29c (1.19, 1.39) | 1.24c (1.04, 1.48) | 1.15 (0.96, 1.38) | 1.25c (1.02, 1.53) |
| Week +1 | 1.07 (0.97, 1.16) | 1.38c (1.16, 1.64) | 1.35c (1.16, 1.58) | 1.19 (1.00, 1.42) |
| Week +2 | 1.06 (0.97, 1.17) | 1.12 (0.96, 1.32) | 0.95 (0.77, 1.17) | 1.09 (0.92, 1.29) |
| Week +3 | 1.06 (0.96, 1.16) | 1.05 (0.90, 1.23) | 1.01 (0.87, 1.18) | 1.10 (0.97, 1.25) |
| Week +4 | 1.09c (1.01, 1.19) | 1.15 (0.95, 1.39) | 1.11 (0.82, 1.50) | 1.03 (0.88, 1.21) |
| City cigarette tax increased | ||||
| Week −1 | 0.99 (0.89, 1.10) | 0.90 (0.75, 1.08) | 1.16 (0.95, 1.41) | 1.01 (0.87, 1.19) |
| Week 0 | 1.43c (1.29, 1.58) | 1.61c (1.42, 1.83) | 1.78c (1.53, 2.08) | 1.57c (1.38, 1.79) |
| Week +1 | 1.31c (1.19, 1.44) | 1.69c (1.45, 1.97) | 1.22c (1.05, 1.43) | 1.16 (0.97, 1.38) |
| Week +2 | 1.29c (1.18, 1.41) | 1.45c (1.24, 1.71) | 1.10 (0.91, 1.33) | 1.34c (1.05, 1.69) |
| Week +3 | 1.20c (1.08, 1.33) | 1.39c (1.16, 1.66) | 1.13 (0.97, 1.31) | 1.35c (1.12, 1.63) |
| Week +4 | 1.15c (1.03, 1.29) | 1.20c (1.02, 1.42) | 1.24c (1.05, 1.46) | 1.19 (0.92, 1.54) |
| Nicotine gum | ||||
| State cigarette tax increaseb | ||||
| Week −1 | 1.01 (0.95, 1.07) | 1.37c (1.17, 1.62) | 0.95 (0.80, 1.14) | 0.92 (0.74, 1.14) |
| Week 0 | 1.10c (1.03, 1.16) | 1.14 (0.87, 1.51) | 1.10 (0.92, 1.31) | 0.99 (0.84, 1.17) |
| Week +1 | 1.12c (1.06, 1.20) | 1.17 (0.87, 1.56) | 1.07 (0.88, 1.31) | 1.10 (0.94, 1.27) |
| Week +2 | 1.11c (1.04, 1.19) | 1.25c (1.04, 1.50) | 1.06 (0.93, 1.20) | 1.12 (0.98, 1.28) |
| Week +3 | 1.09c (1.02, 1.15) | 0.86 (0.68, 1.09) | 1.08 (0.87, 1.34) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) |
| Week +4 | 1.14c (1.07, 1.22) | 1.25 (0.88, 1.78) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) | 1.06 (0.91, 1.24) |
| City cigarette tax increasec | ||||
| Week −1 | 1.00 (0.94, 1.08) | 1.06 (0.79, 1.43) | 1.08 (0.95, 1.22) | 0.91 (0.77, 1.07) |
| Week 0 | 0.97 (0.89, 1.06) | 1.59c (1.24, 2.05) | 1.39c (1.11, 1.73) | 1.25c (1.09, 1.43) |
| Week +1 | 1.07c (1.00, 1.14) | 1.44c (1.18, 1.75) | 1.11 (0.92, 1.33) | 0.97 (0.82, 1.15) |
| Week +2 | 1.13c (1.08, 1.20) | 1.00 (0.77, 1.30) | 0.97 (0.83, 1.13) | 0.96 (0.76, 1.20) |
| Week +3 | 1.06 (0.99, 1.13) | 1.34c (1.06, 1.71) | 1.02 (0.85, 1.22) | 0.89 (0.71, 1.11) |
| Week +4 | 1.00 (0.93, 1.08) | 1.51c (1.27, 1.79) | 1.04 (0.90, 1.20) | 0.90 (0.76, 1.07) |
Note. A week was Sunday through Saturday; thus, week 0 (the week of the event) for the state tax increase was March 31 through April 6, 2002, and so forth.
aData for the analysis came from 166 pharmacies. Zip code areas located south of 59th Street in Manhattan were considered an area populated during the day by commuters; other zip codes were categorized by median annual income (low = less than $37 812, medium = $37 812–$55 413, High = more than $55 413).
bImplemented April 3, 2002.
cImplemented July 2, 2002.