TABLE 1—
Comparison of American Indians/Alaskan Natives (AIAN) Aged 45 Years and Over with Functional Limitations to Their Peers Without Functional Limitations
| Variable | With Functional Limitations, All (Weighted, n = 239 336, Unweighted, n = 1367) | Without Functional Limitations, All (Weighted, n = 618 867, Unweighted, n = 3396) | With Functional Limitations, Male (Weighted, n = 106 991, Unweighted, n =598) | Without Functional Limitations, Male (Weighted, n = 295 096, Unweighted, n = 1624) | With Functional Limitations, Female (Weighted, n = 132 345, Unweighted, n = 769) | Without Functional Limitations, Female (Weighted, n = 323 771, Unweighted, n = 1772) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 44.7% | 47.7% | ||||
| Female | 55.3% | 52.3% | ||||
| Mean age, y | 61.3 | 56.2*** | 60.3 | 55.7*** | 62.0 | 56.7*** |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 46.0% | 62.5%*** | 56.3% | 69.4%*** | 37.6% | 56.2%*** |
| Widowed | 20.2% | 11.4% | 10.5% | 5.2% | 28.0% | 17.0% |
| Divorced | 18.9% | 15.9% | 17.9% | 15.3% | 19.7% | 16.4% |
| Separated | 5.7% | 3.5% | 4.0% | 2.8% | 7.1% | 4.1% |
| Never married | 9.2% | 6.8% | 11.2% | 7.3% | 7.6% | 6.4% |
| Education status | ||||||
| < High school graduate | 40.2% | 27.2%*** | 35.3% | 26.3%*** | 44.0% | 28.1%*** |
| High school graduatea | 26.0% | 25.7% | 30.6% | 24.5% | 22.3% | 26.8% |
| Some college | 24.0% | 29.5% | 24.7% | 29.2% | 23.4% | 29.7% |
| College degree or more | 9.9% | 17.6% | 9.4% | 20.1% | 10.3% | 15.4% |
| Employment statusb | ||||||
| Employed | 31.6% | 70.5%*** | 27.4% | 76.7%*** | 35.4% | 64.6%*** |
| Unemployed | 3.5% | 4.1% | 3.6% | 3.2% | 3.5% | 5.0% |
| Not in labor force | 64.9% | 25.4% | 69.0% | 20.1% | 61.1% | 30.4% |
| Mean household income, $ | $35 590 | $53 297*** | $37 400 | $57 780*** | $34 126 | $49 211*** |
| Poverty index | ||||||
| Below poverty linec | 25.1% | 12.3%*** | 22.5% | 9.7%*** | 27.2% | 14.6%*** |
| At or above poverty line | 74.9% | 87.8% | 77.5% | 90.4% | 72.9% | 85.4% |
| Place of residence | ||||||
| Central city of MSA | 26.3% | 21.8%*** | 26.7% | 21.5%* | 25.9% | 22.2%* |
| Remainder of MSA | 35.1% | 40.5% | 37.7% | 42.5% | 33.0% | 38.7% |
| Outside MSA | 38.7% | 37.7% | 35.6% | 36.1% | 41.1% | 39.2% |
| Dwelling on reservation | ||||||
| Living on reservation | 23.5% | 26.5%* | 23.0% | 25.8% | 24.0% | 27.1% |
| Living off reservation | 76.5% | 73.5% | 77.0% | 74.2% | 76.0% | 72.9% |
Note. MSA = metropolitan statistical area; χ2 tests were used for nominal level variables, and independent t tests were used for ratio-level variables. χ2 tests were based on weighted data adjusted for sample size. Significance values appear at the top of the block in each cross-tab. All percentages are weighted percentages. Because of rounding, not all columns will sum exactly to 100% in some cross-tabulations.
aHigh school/GED.
bEmployment status is calculated for respondents aged 45–64 only.
c The poverty line varies dependent on number of people in the household and age of the householders.
* P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.