TABLE 3—
Prevalence, Unadjusted, and Adjusted Odds of Various Indices of Disability by Pain-Related Activity Difficulty (PRAD), 2002
| No PRAD (95% CI) (0 days in past 30) | Infrequent PRAD (95% CI) (1–13 days in past 30) | Frequent PRAD (95% CI) (14–30 days in past 30) | |
| Limitations because of physical, mental, or emotional problems | |||
| Percentage | 7.2 (6.8, 7.6) | 29.2 (27.6, 30.9) | 65.7 (63.6, 67.7) |
| OR | 1.0 | 5.3 (4.8, 5.9) | 24.7 (22.2, 27.5) |
| AORa | 1.0 | 5.4 (4.9, 6.0) | 16.0 (14.2, 18.0) |
| Use of special equipment | |||
| Percentage | 2.0 (1.8, 2.2) | 7.2 (6.3, 8.2) | 26.4 (24.5, 28.3) |
| OR | 1.0 | 3.9 (3.2, 4.6) | 17.9 (15.5, 20.7) |
| AORa | 1.0 | 4.1 (3.4, 4.9) | 9.9 (8.4, 11.7) |
| Disability b | |||
| Percentage | 8.1 (7.7, 8.5) | 31.3 (29.6, 33.0) | 68.6 (66.6, 70.6) |
| OR | 1.0 | 5.2 (4.7, 5.7) | 25.0 (22.4, 27.8) |
| AORa | 1.0 | 5.5 (5.0, 6.1) | 16.7 (14.7, 18.8) |
| Among people who reported disability | |||
| Requires help with personal care (e.g., eating, bathing, dressing, getting around the house) | |||
| Percentage | 4.0 (3.2, 4.9) | 7.8 (6.1, 10.0) | 20.0 (17.8, 22.4) |
| OR | 1.0 | 1.7 (1.3, 2.2) | 4.3 (3.5, 5.4) |
| AORa | 1.0 | 1.7 (1.3, 2.2) | 3.2 (2.6, 3.9) |
| Requires help with routine needs (e.g., household chores, shopping) | |||
| Percentage | 15.9 (14.1, 18.0) | 24.3 (21.4, 27.3) | 48.5 (45.8, 51.2) |
| OR | 1.0 | 1.6 (1.3, 2.0) | 4.6 (3.9, 5.4) |
| AORa | 1.0 | 1.8 (1.4, 2.2) | 3.4 (2.9, 4.1) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; AOR = adjusted odds ratio.
aAdjusted by gender, age, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, and employment status.
b The respondent must have provided a response (yes, no) to the question regarding limitations because of physical, mental, or emotional problems and the question regarding use of special equipment to be included. Persons were considered to have a disability if they responded “yes” to at least 1 of the questions.