TABLE 9.
Microarray analysis of transcripts altered in larvae with pan-neural escargot expression
| Gene | Fold change | P-value | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurotransmitters/neuropeptides | |||
| ebony (e) CG3331 | ↑ 3.6 | 2 × 10−6 | β-Alanyl-dopamine synthase |
| black (b) CG7811 | ↑ 2.5 | 1.1 × 10−5 | Glutamate decarboxylase |
| CG3999 | ↑ 1.7 | 2.6 × 10−5 | Glycine dehydrogenase |
| Nplp2 CG11051 | ↓ 2 | 2 × 10−6 | Neuropeptide hormone |
| Ca2+-binding proteins | |||
| CG7447 | ↑ 1.7 | 2.7 × 10−4 | Has a Ca2+-binding EGF-like domain |
| Amy-d CG17876 | ↓ 2 | 2 × 10−6 | Ca2+-binding α-amylase |
| Troponin C @ 47D (TpnC47D) CG9073 | ↓ 1.8 | 2 × 10−6 | Ca2+-binding protein that regulates muscle contraction |
| CG6514 | ↓ 1.7 | 8.4 × 10−5 | Ca2+-binding protein |
| Transporters | |||
| CG6600 | ↑ 3.7 | 9 × 10−6 | Organic cation transporter |
| slimfast (slif) CG11128 | ↑ 1.6 | 9.3 × 10−5 | Cationic amino acid transporter |
| Serine protease inhibitors | |||
| CG7906 | ↑ 3.9 | 1.7 × 10−5 | Kazal type |
| CG7924 | ↑ 3.6 | 2 × 10−6 | Kazal type |
| CG1342 | ↑ 1.7 | 5 × 10−5 | Serpin type |
| Spn43Aa CG12172 | ↑ 1.6 | 2.5 × 10−4 | Serpin type |
| CG6687 | ↓ 1.6 | 1.3 × 10−4 | Serpin type |
| E(spl)-m1 CG8342 | ↓ 1.5 | 2.5 × 10−6 | |
| Proteases | |||
| SP1029 CG11956 | ↑ 1.8 | 2 × 10−6 | Aminopeptidase |
| CG6298 | ↓ 2.8 | 2.5 × 10−6 | Serine protease |
| CG10472 | ↓ 1.9 | 6 × 10−6 | Serine-type endopeptidase |
| CG8773 | ↓ 1.9 | 1.6 × 10−5 | Glutamyl aminopeptidase |
| CG4847 | ↓ 1.7 | 2 × 10−6 | Cysteine protease |
| Ser99Dc CG17951 | ↓ 1.7 | 2.5 × 10−6 | Serine-type endopeptidase |
| CG8299 | ↓ 1.6 | 3.5 × 10−6 | Serine-type endopeptidase |
| CG10081 | ↓ 1.6 | 1.8 × 10−5 | Zn2+-dependent exopeptidase |
| CG9673 | ↓ 1.6 | 1.8 × 10−4 | Serine protease |
| Other enzymes | |||
| CG5171 | ↑ 1.9 | 1.7 × 10−5 | Trehalose-phosphatase |
| Nmdmc CG18466 | ↑ 1.7 | 8.5 × 10−6 | Methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase |
| CG7115 | ↑ 1.6 | 6.3 × 10−5 | Serine/threonine phosphatase |
| Asph CG18658 | ↑ 1.5 | 7.5 × 10−6 | Peptide-aspartate β-dioxygenase |
| Est-P CG17148 | ↑ 1.5 | 4.4 × 10−4 | Carboxylesterase |
| CG15534 | ↓ 3.0 | 9.8 × 10−4 | Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase |
| Uro CG7171 | ↓ 2.6 | 8.5 × 10−6 | Peroxisomal urate oxidase |
| CG9149 | ↓ 2.5 | 2.5 × 10−6 | Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase |
| CG9466 | ↓ 2.2 | 2 × 10−6 | α-Mannosidase |
| CG9468 | ↓ 2.1 | 2 × 10−6 | α-Mannosidase |
| CG6839 | ↓ 1.9 | 4 × 10−6 | DNA/RNA endonuclease |
| CG3264 | ↓ 1.7 | 3 × 10−6 | Alkaline phosphatase |
| CG1809 | ↓ 1.6 | 9.1 × 10−5 | Alkaline phosphatase |
| Cyp6a18 CG13977 | ↓ 1.5 | 1.5 × 10−4 | Mitochondrial electron transporter |
| Defense/immunity | |||
| LysX CG9120 | ↑ 4.4 | 3 × 10−6 | Lysozyme |
| dro5 CG10812 | ↑ 3.9 | 3 × 10−6 | |
| CG12789 | ↑ 1.8 | 2.5 × 10−5 | Scavenger receptor |
| AttC CG4740 | ↓ 5.1 | 3.5 × 10−6 | |
| DptB CG10794 | ↓ 5.1 | 4.1 × 10−5 | |
| Dpt CG12763 | ↓ 3.0 | 1.1 × 10−5 | |
| PGRP-SB1 CG9681 | ↓ 2.5 | 2.1 × 10−5 | Peptidoglycan recognition protein |
| Mtk CG8175 | ↓ 1.9 | 7.5 × 10−5 | |
| Structural constituents | |||
| Lcp65Ad CG6955 | ↑ 6.5 | 9 × 10−6 | Larval cuticle |
| CG2330 | ↑ 1.8 | 4.7 × 10−4 | Extracellular matrix |
| Lcp65Ag1 CG10530 | ↓ 2.5 | 9.4 × 10−5 | Larval cuticle |
| CG11142 | ↓ 1.9 | 2 × 10−6 | Peritrophic membrane |
| Peritrophin-A CG17058 | ↓ 1.9 | 1.3 × 10−5 | Peritrophic membrane |
| CG9077 | ↓ 1.8 | 1.2 × 10−5 | Larval cuticle |
| CG17145 | ↓ 1.7 | 2.5 × 10−6 | Peritrophic membrane |
| CG2555 | ↓ 1.5 | 8.5 × 10−6 | Larval cuticle |
| CG10725 | ↓ 1.5 | 9.5 × 10−6 | Peritrophic membrane |
| Larval/pupal development | |||
| Eig71Ek CG7325 | ↑ 61.8 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| Eig71Ed CG7350 | ↑ 46.7 | 2.5 × 10−6 | Involved in salivary gland cell death |
| Edg78E CG7673 | ↑ 7.2 | 7.6 × 10−5 | |
| Eip78C CG18023 | ↑ 2.8 | 6.3 × 10−5 | Transcription factor |
| ImpE2 CG1934 | ↑ 1.5 | 1.8 × 10−4 | |
| Other | |||
| MtnB CG4312 | ↑ 3.7 | 2.4 × 10−4 | Metallothionein |
| Hsp26 CG4183 | ↑ 2.1 | 2 × 10−6 | Heat-shock protein |
| MtnC CG5097 | ↓ 9.5 | 3.7 × 10−5 | Metallothionein |
| pastrel (pst) CG8588 | ↓ 2 | 1.3 × 10−5 | Mutants show memory defects |
| Novel | |||
| CG2150 | ↑ 12.1 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| CG4151 | ↑ 10.9 | 5.5 × 10−6 | |
| CG9083 | ↑ 9.2 | 3.5 × 10−6 | |
| CG10853 | ↑ 9.2 | 4 × 10−6 | |
| CG12164 | ↑ 8.3 | 7 × 10−6 | |
| CG14534 | ↑ 5.1 | 2.3 × 10−4 | |
| CG17325 | ↑ 4.9 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| CG15901 | ↑ 4.4 | 1.8 × 10−4 | |
| CG9822 | ↑ 2.6 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| CG14664 | ↑ 2.6 | 2.5 × 10−6 | |
| CG4783 | ↑ 2.6 | 6.5 × 10−6 | |
| CG7377 | ↑ 2.6 | 1.2 × 10−5 | |
| CG13947 | ↑ 2.3 | 2 × 10−5 | |
| CG10112 | ↑ 2.1 | 1.6 × 10−4 | |
| CG14265 | ↑ 1.9 | 9.5 × 10−6 | |
| CG2016 | ↑ 1.9 | 7.7 × 10−5 | |
| CG2444 | ↑ 1.6 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| CG13314 | ↑ 1.6 | 8.9 × 10−5 | |
| CG1124 | ↑ 1.6 | 1.4 × 10−4 | |
| CG11350 | ↓ 10.6 | 1.8 × 10−5 | |
| CG11584 | ↓ 2.6 | 3.5 × 10−6 | |
| CG5765 | ↓ 2.5 | 1.2 × 10−5 | |
| CG7465 | ↓ 2.2 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| CG5866 | ↓ 2.1 | 4 × 10−5 | |
| CG9757 | ↓ 1.9 | 1.5 × 10−5 | |
| CG7876 | ↓ 1.9 | 6.6 × 10−5 | |
| CG11300 | ↓ 1.8 | 1.2 × 10−4 | |
| CG10650 | ↓ 1.7 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| CG14963 | ↓ 1.7 | 1.4 × 10−4 | |
| CG3984 | ↓ 1.7 | 2.6 × 10−4 | |
| CG5084 | ↓ 1.6 | 2 × 10−6 | |
| CG13043 | ↓ 1.6 | 8.2 × 10−5 | |
| CG10953 | ↓ 1.5 | 1.5 × 10−5 | |
| CG13805 | ↓ 1.5 | 6.1 × 10−5 | |
| CG7272 | ↓ 1.5 | 2.5 × 10−4 |
Microarray analysis revealed that transcript levels for all 100 genes shown displayed a reproducible and significant (P-value <10−3) change of at least 1.5-fold in larvae with pan-neural escargot expression (genotype esgEP2009/+; elav-GAL4/+) relative to control larvae (genotype esgEP683/+; elav-GAL4). All of these 100 genes also carry escargot binding site repeats within their noncoding regions.