SUM1-1-mediated repression of MAT genes at HMR and HML. (A–E) Strains containing the MATa genes at the HMR or HML loci (HMRa and HMLa, respectively), the MATα genes at the HMR or HML loci (HMLα and HMRα, respectively), or HMLα at HMR were generated and patched onto YPD plates. Mating assays with the appropriate mating-type tester strains were used to monitor expression of these genes and diploid colonies were allowed to grow on YMD plates for 2 days prior to documentation. The genotypes of the strains at HML, MAT, and HMR are shown schematically.