TABLE 1.
Yeast strains used in this study
| Strain | Genotype |
|---|---|
| ZMY60 | MATaura3-52 trp1-Δ1 ade2-101 pACE1-UBR1 pACE1-ROX1 |
| Lev391 | ZMY60 rap1-(Δ)∷KanR |
| Lev396 | Lev391 lif1-Δ∷klURA3 |
| Ybp25 | Lev391 pol4-Δ∷klURA3 |
| W303-1a | MATaade2-1 trp1-1 ura3-1 leu2-3,112 his3-11,15 can1-100 rad5-535 |
| Lev488 | W303-1a RAD5 lys2∷pGAL-ISCEI bar1-Δ |
| Ybp50 | Lev488 pol4-Δ∷spHIS5 |
| Ybp52 | Lev488 lif1-Δ∷spHIS5 |
In strain ZMY60, UBR1 and ROX1 are under the control of the ACE1 promoter (Moqtaderi et al. 1996). In strain Lev391, rap1 is under the control of a promoter repressible by Rox1 and expresses a protein with a N-terminal tag that makes it a target for Ubr1 and degradation by the N-end rule (Pardo and Marcand 2005). Gene deletions were made by PCR-mediated transformation.