TABLE 6.

Candidate genes

Symbol	Gene name	Cytological location	Functiona
cin	cinnamon	1A1	Mo- molybdopterin cofactor biosynthesis
y	yellow	1A5	Cuticle pigmentation
a(1)HM26	abnormal abdomen HM26	1B1–5C2	Mutants affect abdominal tergite and sternite
mk	murky	1B1–5C2	Oogenesis
svr	silver	1B5–7	Cuticle biosynthesis
su(b)	suppressor of black	<1B8	Interacts genetically with black
su(s)	suppressor of sable	1B13	Transcriptional repressor activity
dor	deep orange	2B5	Pteridine biosynthesis
A	Abnormal abdomen	3A5	Mutations affect the abdominal tergite
l(1)3B2	lethal(1)3B2	3B2	Mutations affect the tergite
omb	optomotor-blind	4C3–4	Patterning the pigment band
lac	lacquered	4C6	Mutations are body color defective
amb	amber	4C6–D1	Mutations are recessive body color defective
pt	platinum	7F1	Mutations are body color defective
t	tan	8A1–B8	β-Alanyl-dopamine hydrolase activity
s	sable	11F1–12A1	Encodes a product involved in pigmentation
e(y)1	enhancer of yellow-1	16E1	Interacts genetically with y, w, z, ct, and sc
e(y)3	enahncer of yellow-3	18C–D	Interacts genetically with y, w, z, ct, and sc
mel	melanized	19B3–C3	Mutations are recessive body color defective
mal	maroon-like	19D1	Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthesis
mel1	melanized-like	19E1+	Mutations affect the abdominal tergite
vao	varied outspread	19E7	Mutations are body color defective
su(f)	suppressor of forked	20E	Encodes a product with putative poly(A) binding
b	black	34D5	Glutamate decarboxylase activity
yellow-c	yellow-c	35B8	Cuticle pigmentation
Catsup	Catecholamines up	37B11	Regulation of catecholamine metabolism
Dox-A2	Diphenol oxidase A2	37B12	Endopeptidase activity
Ddc	Dopa decarboxylase	37C1	Dopamine biosynthesis; pigmentation patterning
amd	α-methyl dopa-resistant	37C1	Involved in cuticle biosynthesis
l(2)37Ca	lethal(2)37Ca	37C5	Interacts genetically with Ddc
tyr1	tyrosine-1	38A6–C1	Mutations are body color defective
pr	purple	38B3	Involved in pteridine biosynthesis
Bkd	Blackoid	43E18–52D7	Mutations are body color defective
dkb	dark bubbly	<49D7	Mutations are body color defective
Cp1	Cysteine proteinase-1	50C18–20	Mutations affect the abdominal segment 1–5
U	Upturned	53A	Mutations are body color defective
Bc	Black cells	54F6	Involved in melanization defense response
Pu	Punch	57C7–8	Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis
D	Dichaete	70D3	Mutations affect the abdominal segment 3–7
db	dark body	73C1–D2	Mutations are body color defective
Crn	Crown	<77B3	Mutations are dominant body color defective
kkv	krotzkopf verkehrt	83A1	Chitin synthase activity

^aIn cases where the function is unclear, mutant phenotypes are listed. All information, including cytological locations, was retrieved from the FlyBase website (http://www.flybase.org) (Drysdale and Crosby 2005).