TABLE 5.
Covariances and correlations of traits in the early and late-developing groups
| Covariances and correlations
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenotypic | Genetic | Additive | Dominance | Single locus | Epistatic | Environmental | |
| Early developing | |||||||
| CVW-CVH | 0.0142 (0.50) | 0.0074 (0.69) | 0.0049 (0.71) | 0.0027 (0.85) | 0.0065 (0.74) | 0.0025 (0.67) | 0.0068 (0.38) |
| CVW-CVL | 0.0192 (0.40) | 0.0108 (0.57) | 0.0064 (0.51) | 0.0041 (0.89) | 0.0090 (0.59) | 0.0044 (0.78) | 0.0084 (0.29) |
| CVH-CVL | 0.0246 (0.52) | 0.0131 (0.73) | 0.0081 (0.78) | 0.0050 (0.88) | 0.0117 (0.81) | 0.0051 (0.79) | 0.0115 (0.39) |
| Means | 0.0193 (0.47) | 0.0104 (0.66) | 0.0065 (0.67) | 0.0039 (0.87) | 0.0091 (0.72) | 0.0040 (0.73) | 0.0089 (0.35) |
| Late developing | |||||||
| FCL-FCH | 0.0100 (0.34) | 0.0055 (0.61) | 0.0039 (0.62) | 0.0010 (0.76) | 0.0045 (0.65) | 0.0016 (0.50) | 0.0045 (0.22) |
| FCL-FCW | 0.0117 (0.33) | 0.0091 (0.70) | 0.0057 (0.70) | 0.0009 (0.96) | 0.0061 (0.70) | 0.0031 (0.58) | 0.0026 (0.12) |
| FCL-ZYW | 0.0396 (0.46) | 0.0196 (0.66) | 0.0146 (0.77) | 0.0014 (0.51) | 0.0155 (0.73) | 0.0088 (0.65) | 0.0200 (0.37) |
| FCL-ZYL | 0.0436 (0.49) | 0.0230 (0.73) | 0.0147 (0.70) | 0.0031 (0.87) | 0.0163 (0.70) | 0.0100 (0.95) | 0.0207 (0.37) |
| FCH-FCW | 0.0063 (0.55) | 0.0035 (0.76) | 0.0023 (0.76) | 0.0005 (0.96) | 0.0025 (0.74) | 0.0019 (1.06) | 0.0027 (0.41) |
| FCH-ZYW | 0.0141 (0.52) | 0.0069 (0.65) | 0.0042 (0.60) | 0.0015 (0.83) | 0.0050 (0.62) | 0.0039 (0.85) | 0.0072 (0.43) |
| FCH-ZYL | 0.0111 (0.39) | 0.0053 (0.48) | 0.0034 (0.42) | 0.0017 (0.83) | 0.0042 (0.46) | 0.0021 (0.59) | 0.0058 (0.34) |
| FCW-ZYW | 0.0182 (0.55) | 0.0116 (0.77) | 0.0077 (0.83) | 0.0022 (1.05) | 0.0084 (0.83) | 0.0063 (0.79) | 0.0066 (0.37) |
| FCW-ZYL | 0.0141 (0.41) | 0.0095 (0.59) | 0.0049 (0.47) | 0.0019 (1.19) | 0.0057 (0.50) | 0.0057 (0.91) | 0.0046 (0.25) |
| ZYW-ZYL | 0.0558 (0.68) | 0.0338 (0.92) | 0.0209 (0.89) | 0.0063 (0.91) | 0.0230 (0.85) | 0.0194 (1.21) | 0.0221 (0.48) |
| Means | 0.0224 (0.47) | 0.0128 (0.69) | 0.0210 (0.68) | 0.0020 (0.89) | 0.0091 (0.68) | 0.0063 (0.81) | 0.0097 (0.34) |
Shown are covariances of each pair of traits in the early and late-developing skull groups calculated from phenotypic, genetic (single-locus effects + epistatic), additive genetic, dominance genetic, single-locus (additive and dominance effects), epistatic, and environmental covariances. Correlations in parentheses were calculated by standardizing covariances with the appropriate variances of the traits.