Figure 3.
Granzyme A (GzmA) disrupts the Ku complex in vivo. Ku complex staining declines in 15 min of adding GzmA and perforin (PFN) to HeLa cells, but Ku80 staining remains bright. DNA is stained with propidium iodide (PI). Control cells treated for 2 h with GzmA or PFN show no change in Ku complex staining. Apoptotic nuclear changes are readily apparent in 90 min after GzmA and PFN treatment.