Fig. 3.

Conditions for Experiment 2. Row 1 shows the possible control in which a blue knife is lowered and causes no change to the white towel. Row 2 shows a possible transformation in which a glass of blue paint is lowered and causes a transformation of the white towel into a blue towel. Row 3 shows an impossible transformation in which a blue knife is lowered and appears to cause a transformation of the white towel into blue towel. Row 4 shows an impossible transformation in which the blue towel appears to be transformed into a white towel by a glass of blue paint.