Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the nested case-control study divided by control group of subjects without atrial fibrillation (AF) and cases with AF. Data shown as percentages for categorical variables and mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables. HDL-cholesterol, Triglycerides, Creatinine, C-reactive protein, and urinary albumin excretion are expressed as median [interquartile range].

	AF Controls (n = 97)	AF Cases (n = 97)	P-value
Age, years	59 ± 1	60 ± 1	Matched
Male	56.7%	56.7%	Matched
Caucasian	91.8%	92.8%	0.79
Body Mass Index	27.1 ± 0.4	27.8 ± 0.4	0.24
Current smoking	28.9%	30.2%	0.84
Ischemic heart disease	15.8 %	38.0 %	0.001
Left ventricular hypertrophy	3.1%	11.5%	0.03
Systolic blood pressure	135 ± 2	137 ± 2	0.47
Diastolic blood pressure	76 ± 1	79 ± 1	0.03
Hypertension	42.7%	60.6%	0.01
Diabetes Mellitus	5.2%	6.2%	0.77
HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l	1.24 [1.01–1.56]	1.18 [0.93–1.47]	0.29
Total cholesterol, mmol/l	5.9 ± 0.10	5.7 ± 0.11	0.14
LDL cholesterol, mmol/l	4.0 ± 1.0	3.8 ± 1.0	0.15
Triglycerides, mmol/l	1.2 [0.9–1.9]	1.3 [0.9–1.7]	0.49
Creatinine (μmol/L)	84 [75–95]	86 [78–105]	0.07
Creatinine clearance (mL/min/1.73 m2)	90.9 ± 25.7	81.2 ± 23.4	0.01
Moderate renal dysfunction	14.0%	40.2%	<0.01
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	1.55 [0.66–2.81]	2.28 [1.18–4.81]	<0.01
Urinary albumin excretion	11.95 [7.07–21.44]	17.75 [8.92–45.35]	<0.01
Alcohol intake > = 1 drink per day	24.7 %	23.7 %	0.87