Table 3.
Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios for primary and secondary outcome measures.
| Primary outcome measures (responders to short and full follow up questionnaires) | n (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention arm (n = 465) | Control arm (n = 543) | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | |
| Has a baby walker | 131/463 (28.3) | 230/543 (42.4) | 0.54 (0.39 to 0.75) P<0.0001 | 0.63 (0.43 to 0.93) P = 0.02 |
| Used a baby walkerb | 124/141 (87.9) | 229/235 (97.4) | 0.21 (0.08 to 0.53) P = 0.0001 | 0.26 (0.08 to 0.84) P = 0.03 |
| Secondary outcome measures (walker users only) | Intervention arm (n = 124) | Control arm (n = 229) | ||
| Used walker less than once a day | 41/113 (36.3) | 91/216 (42.1) | 0.79 (0.45 to 1.36) P = 0.39 | 0.77 (0.3 to 1.53) P = 0.46 |
| Used walker for less than 1 hour per day | 91/117 (77.8) | 152/214 (71.0) | 1.35 (0.79 to 2.33) P = 0.27 | 1.50 (0.78 to 2.87) P = 0.22 |
| Secondary outcome measures (those completing full follow-up questionnaire only) | Intervention arm (n = 456) | Control arm (n = 526) | ||
| Would use a walker with next child | 56/432 (13.0) | 132/508 (26.0) | 0.43 (0.26 to 0.69) P = 0.001 | 0.52 (0.31 to 0.86) P = 0.01 |
| Would recommend walker to a friend | 63/454 (13.9) | 135/523 (25.8) | 0.45 (0.28 to 0.73) P = 0.001 | 0.51 (0.28 to 0.91) P = 0.02 |
| At least one knowledge question correct | 180/422 (42.7) | 160/489 (32.7) | 1.47 (1.12 to 1.93) P = 0.006 | 1.37 (0.97 to 1.94) P = 0.07 |
| Agrees or strongly agrees that: | ||||
| Baby walkers keep children safe | 20/454 (4.4) | 53/522 (10.2) | 0.43 (0.23 to 0.81) P = 0.009 | 0.35 (0.16 to 0.78) P = 0.01 |
| Walkers are useful | 142/455 (31.2) | 241/524 (46.0) | 0.55 (0.37 to 0.82) P = 0.004 | 0.70 (0.47 to 1.04) P = 0.08 |
| Not many parents experience accidents with walkers | 23/452 (5.1) | 43/525 (8.2) | 0.60 (0.35 to 1.02) P = 0.06 | 0.60 (0.33 to 1.07) P = 0.09 |
| Baby walkers help children walk more quickly | 21/454 (4.6) | 48/522 (9.2) | 0.47 (0.27 to 0.80) P = 0.005 | 0.53 (0.29 to 0.95) P = 0.03 |
| Walker owners used stair gates on all or some stairsc | 98/119 (82.4) | 165/210 (78.6) | 1.16 (0.59 to 2.28) P = 0.66 | 1.17 (0.59 to 2.34) P = 0.66 |
| Walker owners used fireguards on all or some firesc | 70/103 (68.0) | 98/169 (58.0) | 1.57 (0.93 to 2.65) P = 0.09 | 1.72 (0.94 to 3.15) P = 0.08 |
b
Denominator = those with a walker + those who did not own a walker but had used a walker (n = 15).
c
Denominator excludes families without stairs or fires. Intraclass correlation coefficient for possession of baby walker = 0.053 and for use of walker = 0.050.