Skip to main content
PMC home page
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology logoLink to British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
. 1985 May;19(5):605–611. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb02687.x

Effective dose range of enalapril in mild to moderate essential hypertension.

R Bergstrand, H Herlitz, S Johansson, G Berglund, A Vedin, C Wilhelmsson, H J Gomez, V J Cirillo, J A Bolognese
PMCID: PMC1463850  PMID: 2988589

Abstract

The dose-response relationship of enalapril was evaluated in a double-blind, balanced, two-period, incomplete-block study in 91 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Patients were randomly assigned to two of six treatments: placebo, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/day of enalapril maleate. There were two 3-week treatment periods, each preceded by a 4-week, single-blind placebo washout. Each dose of enalapril produced significant decreases in standing and supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure after 2 and 3 weeks of treatment. There were no significant changes on placebo. There was a significant linear dose response relationship for both mean blood pressure and mean change from baseline in blood pressure (P less than 0.01 for systolic and mean arterial pressure, and P less than 0.05 for diastolic pressure). Enalapril was associated with an increasing dose-response relationship across the 2.5-40 mg/day range. The 2.5 mg/dose is effective in some patients; however, doses greater than or equal to 10 mg/day may be necessary to achieve satisfactory blood pressure control.

Full text

PDF
611

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Biollaz J., Brunner H. R., Gavras I., Waeber B., Gavras H. Antihypertensive therapy with MK 421: angiotensin II--renin relationships to evaluate efficacy of converting enzyme blockade. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1982 Nov-Dec;4(6):966–972. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Biollaz J., Burnier M., Turini G. A., Brunner D. B., Porchet M., Gomez H. J., Jones K. H., Ferber F., Abrams W. B., Gavras H. Three new long-acting converting-enzyme inhibitors: relationship between plasma converting-enzyme activity and response to angiotensin I. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981 May;29(5):665–670. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1981.92. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chrysant S. G., Brown R. D., Kem D. C., Brown J. L. Antihypertensive and metabolic effects of a new converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1983 Jun;33(6):741–746. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1983.101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Ferguson R. K., Vlasses P. H., Irvin J. D., Swanson B. N., Lee R. B. A comparative pilot study of enalapril, a new converting enzyme inhibitor, and hydrochlorothiazide in essential hypertension. J Clin Pharmacol. 1982 Jul;22(7):281–289. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02676.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Fernandez-Cruz A., Jr, Luque Otero M., Fernandez Pinilla C., Martell Claros N. Captopril in the treatment of mild essential hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;14 (Suppl 2):117S–120S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02067.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gavras H., Biollaz J., Waeber B., Brunner H. R., Gavras I., Davies R. O. Antihypertensive effect of the new oral angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor "MK-421". Lancet. 1981 Sep 12;2(8246):543–547. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)90937-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gomez H. J., Cirillo V. J., Jones K. H. The clinical pharmacology of enalapril. J Hypertens Suppl. 1983 Oct;1(1):65–70. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Grizzle J. E., Starmer C. F., Koch G. G. Analysis of categorical data by linear models. Biometrics. 1969 Sep;25(3):489–504. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hodsman G. P., Brown J. J., Cumming A. M., Davies D. L., East B. W., Lever A. F., Morton J. J., Murray G. D., Robertson J. I. Enalapril (MK421) in the treatment of hypertension with renal artery stenosis. J Hypertens Suppl. 1983 Oct;1(1):109–117. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Millar J. A., Derkx F. H., McLean K., Reid J. L. Pharmacodynamics of converting enzyme inhibition: the cardiovascular, endocrine and autonomic effects of MK421 (enalapril) and MK521. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982 Sep;14(3):347–355. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01990.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Patchett A. A., Harris E., Tristram E. W., Wyvratt M. J., Wu M. T., Taub D., Peterson E. R., Ikeler T. J., ten Broeke J., Payne L. G. A new class of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Nature. 1980 Nov 20;288(5788):280–283. doi: 10.1038/288280a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Rabinad Estrada E., Ingelmo Morin M., Martinez Amenos A., Alsina J., Balcells Gorina A. Captopril in essential hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;14 (Suppl 2):103S–105S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02065.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Reid J. L., Millar J. A., Campbell B. C. Enalapril and autonomic reflexes and exercise performance. J Hypertens Suppl. 1983 Oct;1(1):129–134. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Santucci A., Aguglia F., De Mattia G., Ficara C., Balsano F. Long-term captopril treatment in moderate to severe hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;14 (Suppl 2):77S–79S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02061.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Simon G., Morioka S., Snyder D. K., Cohn J. N. Increased renal plasma flow in long-term enalapril treatment of hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1983 Oct;34(4):459–465. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1983.198. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Stumpe K. O., Overlack A., Kolloch R., Schreyer S. Long-term efficacy of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition with captopril in mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;14 (Suppl 2):121S–126S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02068.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Vidt D. G., Bravo E. L., Fouad F. M. Medical intelligence drug therapy: captopril. N Engl J Med. 1982 Jan 28;306(4):214–219. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198201283060405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Vlasses P. H., Ferguson R. K., Chatterjee K. Captopril: clinical pharmacology and benefit-to-risk ratio in hypertension and congestive heart failure. Pharmacotherapy. 1982 Jan-Feb;2(1):1–17. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-9114.1982.tb03167.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Wilkins L. H., Dustan H. P., Walker J. F., Oparil S. Enalapril in low-renin essential hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1983 Sep;34(3):297–302. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1983.171. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology are provided here courtesy of British Pharmacological Society

RESOURCES