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Results are shown for the placebo (•), caffeine (○), HAdr (▵) and LAdr (▪) trials during both the 30 min pre-clamp period (t = 0–30 min) and during the 120 min isoglycaemic–hyperinsulinaemic clamp (t = 30–150 min). Caffeine resulted in a higher SBP and DBP response compared with all other treatments (P < 0.05). Values are means ±s.e.m.
