Fig. 1.

Mammalian cell survival and investigation of cell death after exposure to CO₂/N₂ at 35°C and 74 bar. (A) Cell survival determined by AlamarBlue cell metabolic assay for increasing CO₂ exposure times for a variety of cell types. All results are expressed as a percentage of a parallel untreated control with standard deviation. These data indicate that cell survival is both cell type- and time-dependent. (B) Cell survival determined by AlamarBlue cell metabolic assay for increasing CO₂ decompression times after a 1-min scCO₂ exposure. All results are expressed as a percentage of a parallel untreated control with standard deviation. (C) Comparison of the effects of increasing exposure times to scCO₂ and high pressure N₂ on C2C12 survival. (D) Levels of cellular histone-DNA fragments (associated with apoptosis) and the cytosolic enzyme, LDH, as a measure of cell membrane rupture after exposure to scCO₂ for increasing exposure times.