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. 2005 Apr 21;565(Pt 3):1053–1060. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.084327

Figure 4. Hydrostatic influence at the onset of exercise.

Figure 4

During passive exercise, leg blood flow (top panel) and heart rate (bottom panel) were similar whether the leg was positioned above (supine trial, ⋄) or below (seated trial, •) the heart. This suggests a minimal contribution for the skeletal muscle pump to the onset hyperaemia seen with passive movement in either scenario.