TABLE 2—

Description of Contextual-Level Variables: Male Reproductive Health Survey, Uttar Pradesh, India, 1995

	Operational Definition	Variable Range	Mean (SD)
Community economic index	Cumulative index of presence of 7 institutions in PSU: industry, medical store, tobacco shop, cooperative, voluntary organization, fair trade shops, general merchant store	0–7	2.20 (0.35)
Community electricity	Percentage of sample households in each PSU with electricity connection	4.0–100.0	43.0 (26.2)
Community female education	Mean number of years of education for women in the PSU	0.23–8.97	2.73 (2.00)
Community gender norms	Mean PSU-level factor score for men’s gender attitudes on the basis of following items (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree):	−2.29–3.10	−1.16 (0.28)
	Wife should always show respect to her husband	1–4	3.5
	Wife should always follow instructions of her husband	1–4	2.7
	No harm if wife disagrees with instructions of her husband	1–4	0.6
Community wife beating norms	Mean PSU-level factor score for men’s attitudes toward wife beating based on following items (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree):	−2.01–3.04	−1.04 (0.43)
	Necessary to use verbal insults/physical abuse against wife when she does not follow husband’s instructions	1–4	0.64
	No physical beating/verbal insults should be used against wife if she disobeys husband’s instructions	1–4	0.68
	The following measures should be taken against wife if she disobeys husband’s instructions: persuasion (1), verbal insults (2), physical isolation or physical beating (3)	1–3	0.71
District-level murder rate	Number of reported murders annually per 100 000 population	3.31–8.23	6.17 (1.71)

Note. PSU = primary sampling unit.