TABLE 2—

Unadjusted Health Care Resource Use, by Dominant Source of Ambulatory Care Visits of American Indians/Alaska Natives and Whites: California, 1996

	All Sources		Indian Clinic		Non-Indian Clinic (FQHC)		Physicians’ Office		Hospital Outpatient Clinic		Other Organized Clinic		No Dominant Source		No Ambulatory Visit
	AIAN	White	AIAN	White	AIAN	White	AIAN	White	AIAN	White	AIAN	White	AIAN	White	AIAN	White
Mean annual amount
Total costs, $a	1191	1030	1089	1346	1480**	1203	1363**	1020	1574	1392	903	917	1397	1500	769*	608
Total ambulatory visitsa	4.1***	3.7	4.7*	5.6	5.7	5.7	4.7***	4.1	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.7	4.9*	4.4	0.0	0.0
Filled prescriptionsb	15.7***	22.1	9.5	14.0	21.5	21.6	24.1	24.8	30.7	37.0	23.9	16.2	17.5***	36.6	9.5*	12.5
Emergency room visitsb	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.8**	0.7	1.3	1.1	0.7	0.8	1.0	1.2	0.6	0.5
Hospital daysb	0.21***	0.20	0.16	0.19	0.22***	0.15	0.31***	0.21	0.31	0.23	0.15	0.21	0.24***	0.21	0.2	0.1
Percentage of American Indians/Alaska Natives or Whites who ever usedc
Any prescription	23.1***	32.7	15.1***	25.8	26.9**	30.8	27.7**	32.3	29.0	35.1	29.3	22.1	21.8**	29.3	32.5**	37.6
Any emergency room visit	34.7*	36.3	28.5	31.7	34.6	35.4	37.3*	34.4	50.4	50.2	35.3	37.9	44.6	49.2	37.8*	33.7
Any hospitalization	7.1***	5.9	5.3	8.4	8.2***	5.3	9.7***	6.7	9.4	7.4	6.7	5.3	9.1	9.4	6.2**	4.3

Note. AIAN = American Indian/Alaska Native; FQHC = federally qualified health clinic.

^aT test used for comparing average use between American Indians/Alaska Natives and Whites.

^bLinear rank statistics using Wilcoxon scores used for testing differences of location and scale of resource use between American Indians/Alaska Natives and Whites.

^cχ² test used for comparing percentage of ever use of the resource between American Indians/Alaska Natives and Whites.

* P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.