Table 3.

Differences (mean ± SD) in BMD at the total hip and heel in nitrate users and nonusers. Unadjusted and after adjusting for estrogen use and baseline differences (26).

	Percent difference in BMD (95% CI)
	Daily – nonusers	Intermittent – nonusers
Hip BMD
Unadjusted	0 (-2.7 to 1.4)	0 (-4.1 to 4.1)
Adjusted*	1.3 (0.14 to 4.1)	2.6 (0.4 to 6.8)
Heel BMD
Unadjusted	-2.6 (-5.3 to 0)	0 (-5.3 to 7.9)
Adjusted*	0 (-2.6 to 2.6)	5.3 (2.6 to 11)

*Adjusted for estrogen use and baseline differences (37), which are current alcohol intake, walks for exercise, physical activity, self-reported health status, falls in the past 12 months, thiazide and nonthiazide diuretic use, inability to rise from a chair independently and frail on physical examination.