Expression of CD81 on the cell surface and sE2 binding. (A) CD81 expression was determined with different cell lines, including human hepatoma cells permissive to HCVpp (checkered bars), human cells nonpermissive to HCVpp (solid bars), and murine cells (hatched bars), as indicated along the x axis. CD81 was quantified by flow cytometry (MFI) after labeling with an anti-CD81 MAb (JS81). Results are means of three independent experiments ± standard deviations (SD). Permissivity (+, 104 to 105 RLU; ++, 105 to 106 RLU) or resistance (−) of cells to HCVpp is indicated under the bar graph. (B) sE2 binding to cells from panel A, as indicated along the x axis, was quantified by flow cytometry (MFI) after labeling of cells with the anti-E2 MAb H53 followed by a PE-conjugated anti-mouse IgG antibody. Results are means of three independent experiments ± SD. (C) Anti-CD81 MAbs JS81 (black bars) and 1D6 (hatched bars) were used to inhibit sE2 binding to a subset of cells from panel A. Residual sE2 on cells was quantified by flow cytometry (MFI) after labeling with H53-coupled fluorescent beads. The percentage of inhibition of sE2 binding is indicated for each cell line and was calculated relative to sE2 binding in the presence of a nonspecific isotype-matched murine IgG. Values are means of three independent experiments ± standard deviations.