Table 13.
Five-Year Rates of Advanced AMD (or Right and Left Eyes Combined of Participants Free of Advanced AMD in Both Eyes at Baseline, by Treatment Assignment
|
Placebo |
A, Z, and A + Z* |
A + Z |
All Groups Combined |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step | No. at Risk | AdvAMD, No. (%) | No. at Risk | AdvAMD, No. (%) | No. at Risk | AdvAMD, No. (%) | No. at Risk | AdvAMD, No. (%) |
| 1 | 1219 | 3 (0.2) | 1674 | 5 (0.3) | 224 | 2 (0.9) | 2893 | 8 (0.3) |
| 2 | 225 | 1 (0.4) | 674 | 4 (0.6) | 228 | 0 | 899 | 5 (0.6) |
| 3 | 96 | 3 (3.1) | 282 | 4 (1.4) | 87 | 4 (4.6) | 378 | 7 (1.9) |
| 4 | 147 | 7 (4.8) | 506 | 25 (4.9) | 178 | 11 (6.2) | 653 | 32 (4.9) |
| 5 | 112 | 8 (7.1) | 268 | 15 (5.6) | 102 | 6 (5.9) | 380 | 23 (6.1) |
| 6 | 119 | 17 (14.3) | 364 | 50 (13.7) | 125 | 17 (13.6) | 483 | 67 (13.9) |
| 7 | 139 | 40 (28.8) | 349 | 97 (27.8) | 106 | 27 (25.5) | 488 | 137 (28.1) |
| 8 | 49 | 27 (55.1) | 141 | 63 (44.7) | 45 | 23 (51.1) | 190 | 90 (47.4) |
| 9 | 18 | 11 (61.1) | 44 | 22 (50.0) | 9 | 3 (33.3) | 62 | 33 (53.2) |
| Steps 2–9† | 905 | 114 (12.6) | 2628 | 280 (10.7) | 880 | 91 (10.3) | 3533 | 394 (11.2) |
Abbreviations: A, antioxidants; AdvAMD, advanced AMD; AMD, age-related macular degeneration; Z, zinc.
All 3 treatment groups combined.
Step 1 is excluded from the total because of imbalances caused by inclusion in this step, in the placebo and antioxidant-only treatment groups, of patients who were free of AMD (both eyes had no or only occasional small drusen and no pigment abnormalities) and therefore were enrolled only in the cataract trial and randomized to placebo or antioxidants alone. There were about 1000 such eyes in step 1 in each of the first 2 columns of the table. P value for placebo vs A + Z = .16 and for placebo vs A, Z, and A+Z combined = .12.