Table 3.

Potential Treatment Options for Urinary Incontinence

	Solutions for	Solutions for
	Outlet-Related	Bladder-Related
Therapeutic Approach	Disorders (SUI)	Disorders (UUI)
Absorbent products	✓	✓
Artificial sphincter	✓
Behavioral therapy*	✓	✓
Bladder overdistention		✓
Bladder outlet reconstruction	✓
Closure of bladder outlet	✓
Continuous catheterization	✓	✓
Electrical stimulation	✓	✓
External collecting device	✓	✓
Interruption of innervation, central		✓
Interruption of innervation, peripheral		✓
Occlusive devices	✓
Pharmacologic therapy
α-Adrenergic agonists	✓
α-Adrenergic antagonists		✓
Anticholinergics		✓
β-Adrenergic agonists	✓	✓
β-Adrenergic antagonists	✓
Calcium antagonists		✓
Capsaicin, resiniferatoxin		✓
Dimethyl sulfoxide		✓†
Estrogen	✓	✓
SNRIs	✓	✓
Urinary diversion	✓	✓

^*Behavioral therapy consists of education, fluid restriction, bladder training, timed voiding, and pelvic floor muscle training, with or without biofeedback.

^†Interstitial cystitis only.

SUI, stress urinary incontinence; UUI, urge urinary incontinence; SNRIs, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.

Adapted from Wein AJ, Rovner ES. Urol Clin North Am. 2000;29:537–550.⁸