Table 2.

Classification of Stress Urinary Incontinence by Blaivas and Olsson

Classification	Findings	Fluoroscopic Image
Type 0	A. Rest: flat bladder base above symphysis
	pubis
	B. Cough: rotational descent of urethra
	and bladder base; no leakage
Type I	A. Rest: flat bladder base above symphysis
	pubis
	B. Cough: bladder base descends; vesical
	neck and urethra open with leakage
Type IIA	A. Rest: flat bladder base above pubis
	B. Cough: marked descent and rotation
	of bladder and urethra below pubis;
	urethra opens widely with leakage
Type IIB	A. Rest: flat bladder base below pubis
	B. Cough: further descent and rotation
	of bladder and urethra below pubis;
	urethra opens widely with leakage
Type III	A. Rest: bladder base above pubis;
	vesical neck and urethra are open
	B. Cough: bladder base above pubis;
	vesical neck and urethra are open

Adapted, with permission, from Blaivas JG, Olsson CA. J Urol. 1988;139:727–731.²⁸