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. 1976 Aug;16:17–24. doi: 10.1289/ehp.761617

Inhalation exposure of animals.

R F Phalen
PMCID: PMC1475216  PMID: 1017420

Abstract

Relative advantages and disadvantages and important design criteria for various exposure methods are presented. Five types of exposures are discussed: whole-body chambers, head-only exposures, nose or mouth-only methods, lung-only exposures, and partial-lung exposures. Design considerations covered include: air cleaning and conditioning; construction materials; losses of exposure materials; evenness of exposure; sampling biases; animal observation and care; noise and vibration control, safe exhausts, chamber loading, reliability, pressure fluctuations; neck seals, masks, animal restraint methods; and animal comfort. Ethical considerations in use of animals in inhalation experiments are also discussed.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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