Table 3.

Summary of data about toxicology of thujone

Toxicity data		Reference
oral LD50 in rats	192 mg/kg bw	[66]
oral LD50 in rats	500 mg/kg bw	[107]
iv LD50 in rabbits	0.031 mg/kg bw	[107]
NOEL for convulsions in rats	12.5 mg/kg bw (males)	[108]
NOEL for convulsions in rats	5 mg/kg bw (females), 10 mg/kg bw (males)	[66]
NOEL for convulsions in rats	5 mg/kg bw	[66]
TDI (based on NOEL with safety factor of 500)	10 μg/kg bw/d	[66]
Metabolism	2-,4-, and 7-hydroxylation	[75,76]
Mechanism of toxicity	GABA Type A modulation (α-thujone neurotoxicity, convulsant effects)	[72,74,76]
Mechanism of toxicity	Porphyrogenicity (determined in cultures of chick embryo liver cells)	[46]
Behavioral effects	5-HT3 receptor modulation, but no conclusive evidence for psychotropic actions of thujone	[77]