Table 1.

Representative Citrate and Zinc Levels in Prostate

Tissue Analyzed	Citrate, nmol/g	Zinc, μg/g
Normal (mixed tissue)	8000	209
Normal (central zone)	4000	-
Normal (peripheral zone)	13,000	-
BPH	8000–15,000	589
PCa (mixed tissue)	1000–2000	55
PCa (malignant tissue)	500	-
Other soft tissue	150–450	30
Blood plasma	90–110	1
Prostatic fluid	40,000–150,000	590

BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia; PCa, prostate cancer. Reprinted with permission from Costello and Franklin.⁴