FIG. 2.

Histopathology of kidneys from cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed, uninfected (A, C, and E) and intranasally infected (1.7 × 10⁵ A. fumigatus conidia) (B, D, and F) mice following intravenous treatment with D5W or 20 mg/kg L-AMB or ABLC at 2 h and then again every 24 h for three more days. Kidneys were collected 24 h after the last drug treatment and processed for microscopic evaluation. (A and B) D5W (control); (C and D) 20 mg/kg L-AMB; (E and F) 20 mg/kg ABLC. The renal tubule morphology was normal in uninfected and infected D5W and L-AMB treatment groups (A, B, C, and D). In uninfected, ABLC-treated animals, the primary finding was regeneration with minimal ongoing tubular damage (E). In infected, ABLC-treated animals, tubular damage was more severe, characterized by acute tubular necrosis and accompanied by surrounding interstitial hemorrhage (F). The term nephrosis was used to describe extensive tubular damage in which the normal tubules were replaced by dilated, regenerative, and/or necrotic tubules containing intraluminal granular casts. The tubular changes were considered to be consistent with amphotericin B nephrotoxicity. H&E staining is shown. Magnification, ×400.