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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Jun 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech Eng. 2005 Feb;127(1):15–24. doi: 10.1115/1.1835348

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

(A) Parallel to the primary axis of the collagen fibers, the mean viscous stress-strain relationship for all joint levels (L1–2 – L5-S1) was exponential in form (regression line shown). The viscous stress was computed as the peak load value that occurred during a ramp-hold trial to a specified uniaxial strain. The peak load always occurred at the end of the ramp up. (B) Parallel to the primary axis of the collagen fibers, the mean elastic stress-strain relationship for all joint levels (L1–2 – L5-S1) was exponential in form (regression line shown). The elastic stress was computed from the average load during the last 5 s of a 300 s hold at incremental ramp strains. Error bars are standard deviations.