Table 4.

The Comprehensive Categorization of Occupationally Relevant Entities in the Participant Ophthalmologists^*

Number	Category	Disease Conditions††	Details/Agents
1	Allergic	Contact dermatitis, pruritus, urticaria, chronic cough, and asthma	Betadine, (Sagrosept), fluorescent strips, gloves, latex, topical anesthetics, tape
2	Ergonomic - mechanical	Neck, shoulder, and back pain; intervertebral disk diseases, and varicose veins	Operating microscope, slit lamp, indirect ophthalmoscope
3	Ergonomic - ophthalmologic	Transient visual disturbances, permanent diminished visual acuity (and contrast sensitivity), and ocular discomfort	Laser (and the aiming beam), exposure to dim and intense light
4	Stress -related	Peptic disease, Postoperative headache, irritable bowel syndrome, central serous chorioretinopathy, hypertension, asthma, and IHD	High workload, high demand for precision, intra- and postoperative complications
5	Infectious	HIV, HBV, HCV, and TB transmission; infectious conjunctivitis (especially adenoviral), and common cold	Close contact to the patients at examination, needlestick, contact with mucosal discharges, and contact with blood during operations
6	Psychosocial	Anxiety, depression, insomnia, amnesia, chronic headache, fatigue and eye strain, marital and parent-child conflicts, and suicide	High workload and less free time, costly instruments, lengthy training, lengthy operations, challenge of being a specialist of a rapidly developing specialty, early retirement
7	Miscellaneous	Abortion	Nitrous oxide in operating room?

TB = tuberculosis; PPD = purified protein derivative

IHD = ischemic heart disease; HBV = hepatitis B virus; HCV = hepatitis C virus; TB = tuberculosis

*This table is not intended to cover the conditions that are not specific to ophthalmology. Those in parentheses were not reported by our participants.

^††By the term "disease condition," we may mean just a symptom or a full-blown illness, such as major depression.