Table 2.

Xenoestrogenic serum activities, estradiol equivalents and lipid adjusted CB-153 and p,p'-DDE in serum of the study groups

		Greenland	Warsaw	Sweden	Kharkiv	ALL*4	All study group data*5
XER*1RLU/ml serum	N	72	98	100	88	358	0.003
	Median	2.89	3.09	3.04	3.15	3.05
	Mean	2.92	3.30	3.22	3.17	3.17
	Min	1.0	2.4	2.4	1.0	1.1
	Max	6.0	6.5	12	8.0	12
	% agonist	1	21	12	14	-
	% antagonist	35	5	12	17	-
XER-EEQ pg/g lipid*2	N	1♣	21	10	11	43	0.63
	Median	-	103	76♥	139	114
	Mean	-	166	161	179	171
	Min	-	44	50	80	44
	Max	-	516	364	580	580
XER comp*3RLU/ml serum	N	72	94	94	88	348	< 0.001
	Median	2.65	2.96	2.90	2.88	2.86
	Mean	2.69	3.29	2.89	2.87	2.95
	Min	2.0	1.8	1.0	1.1	1.0
	Max	3.8	7.0	6.8	4.5	7.0
	% add/syn	1	13	3	1	-
	% antagonist	71	7	19	30	-
CB-153 ng/g lipid	N	74	100	98	82	354	< 0.001
	Median	220	16	210	47	79
	Min	5.1	33	4.1	5.5	3.3
	Max	5500	130	1500	200	5500
DDE ng/g lipid	N	74	100	98	82	354	< 0.001
	Median	630	570	240	880	560
	Min	66	240	55	324	55
	Max	13000	2100	2300	12000	13000

In the independent assays significant differences between the triple serum extract determinations and their respective solvent controls (% agonists/additive/synergistic) and % antagonists, were tested by the Student's t-test (Microsoft Office Excel, significance level p = 0.05). *¹: XER: Xenoestrogenic agonistic or antagonistic activity of serum extract alone: the solvent control = 3.13 RLU/ml serum. % agonistic and % antagonistic indicates the % of samples eliciting a significantly increase or decrease in XER activity compared to solvent control, which was set to 1. *²: XER-estradiol equivalence (XER-EEQ) of the samples eliciting significantly agonistic activity; data calculated by interpolation to the E2 dose response curve using the sigma plot program. ♥ : One Swedish sample was too high to calculate the XER-EEQ. ♣ : One serum sample from Greenland only had an agonistic action, thus no XER-EEQ value is given. *³: XERcomp; XER competitive activity of serum extract + 25 pM 17β-estradiol (E2-EC₄₀); % add/syn: additive/synergistic and % antagonistic indicates the % of samples responding with a further increase or a decrease of the E2-EC₄₀ induced activity, respectively, compared to the E2-EC₄₀ solvent control = 3.13 RLU/ml serum, which was set to 1;. *⁴: XER activity includes 358 samples, however, only 348 of theses samples were applied to the XERcomp analyses. All of the samples had CB-153 and p,p'-DDE determined. *⁵: One-way ANOVA (p value) evaluation of the combined study group data except for XER-EEQ including only the European groups. In transformed data was used.