Simulations of the genetic toggle switch interfaced by the quorum-sensing signaling pathway. (A) A deterministic simulation with 3,080 cells. (B) A stochastic simulation of successful switching with 3,080 cells. (C) A stochastic simulation of unsuccessful switching with 3,080 cells. (D) Percentages of switched cells obtained by simulations or from a Hill function p(c) = 1.0232 × c5/(3,5605 + c5) × 100%, where c is the cell number and 1.0232 is used to ensure p(7,560) = 100%.