ATP-induced expression of TSP-1 is mediated by protein kinase signaling. Astrocytes were treated with UO126 (10 μM), wortmannin (100 nM), SB202190 (10 μM), or SP600125 (10 μM) for 30 min before the addition of ATP (100 μM; 6 h). (A) Immunoblotting shows involvement of ERK, Akt, p38//MAPK, and SAPK/JNK in the ATP-induced TSP-1 expression. GRB-2 is a loading control. (B) Quantitation of data in the bar graph shows that UO126 (∗, P < 0.05; n = 9), wortmannin (∗∗, P < 0.01; n = 9), SB202190 (∗∗∗, P < 0.001; n = 5), and SP600125 (∗, P < 0.05; n = 5) significantly decreased ATP-induced expression of TSP-1.