TABLE 1.
Body-composition characteristics of study subjects1
| African American (n = 118) | Asian (n = 51) | White (n = 169) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y)2 | |||
| Women | 45.7 ± 6.9 (19–87) | 47.2 ± 19.9 (20–83) | 43.7 ± 16.2 (18–88) |
| Men | 45.5 ± 18.8 (20–83) | 45.6 ± 25.0 (21–82) | 44.5 ± 16.3 (19–84) |
| Height (m)3 | |||
| Women | 1.63 ± 0.07 (1.4–1.8) | 1.59 ± 0.06 (1.45–1.7) | 1.63 ± 0.07 (1.5–1.8) |
| Men | 1.77 ± 0.08 (1.5–1.92) | 1.70 ± 0.10 (1.5–1.9) | 1.78 ± 0.07 (160–191) |
| Weight (kg) | |||
| Women | 77.7 ± 16.2a (47.3–107.0) | 54.6 ± 8.9b (40.8–78.0) | 66.2 ± 14.1c (42.3–111.3) |
| Men | 80.1 ± 11.6a (60.5–102) | 72.1 ± 11.3b (57.2–92.7) | 82.2 ± 12.2a,b (54.8–114.0) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| Women | 29.0 ± 5.5a (17.7–40.9) | 21.7 ± 2.9b (16.9–29.2) | 24.9 ± 5.4c (15.9–39.0) |
| Men | 25.6 ± 3.2a (19.9–31.3) | 24.9 ± 2.5a (20.5–30.4) | 25.8 ± 3.8a (19.9–38.6) |
| Skeletal muscle (kg)4 | |||
| Women | 22.6 ± 3.8 (14.2–31.2) | 16.1 ± 2.4 (11.7–21.1) | 20.1 ± 3.4 (12.3–31.0) |
| Men | 33.3 ± 5.2 (19.7–45.4) | 26.5 ± 5.7 (15.8–35.6) | 32.6 ± 5.2 (20.6–46.1) |
| Total adipose tissue (kg) | |||
| Women | 31.6 ± 11.8a (8.2–55.4) | 18.2 ± 6.9b (9.1–38.5) | 24.4 ± 11.0c (8.6–54.7) |
| Men | 18.7 ± 6.3a (5.6–33.2) | 17.1 ± 5.7a (6.6–26.2) | 20.8 ± 8.4a (9.2–40.5) |
| Subcutaneous adipose tissue (kg) | |||
| Women | 28.5 ± 10.5a (7.7–48.7) | 15.8 ± 5.8b (8.7–17.1) | 22.0 ± 9.7c (8.0–50.8) |
| Men | 16.1 ± 5.3a (5.1–28.8) | 14.1 ± 4.2a (5.6–20.8) | 17.5 ± 6.5a (8.1–31.8) |
| Visceral adipose tissue (kg) | |||
| Women | 1.68 ± 1.1a (0.17–4.82) | 1.63 ± 1.2a (0.21–5.55) | 1.42 ± 1.22a (0.15–5.57) |
| Men | 1.85 ± 1.5a (0.15–5.94) | 2.2 ± 1.7a,b (0.42–5.8) | 2.6 ± 1.9b (0.24–8.5) |
| Intermuscular adipose tissue (kg) | |||
| Women | 1.43 ± 0.76a (0.20–3.68) | 0.81 ± 1.42b (0.16–1.90) | 0.94 ± 0.59b (0.08–3.40) |
| Men | 0.87 ± 0.56a (0.19–2.25) | 0.91 ± 0.46a (0.25–1.73) | 0.74 ± 0.46a (0.08–1.81) |
All values are x̄ ± SD; range in parentheses. For variables with significant race-by-sex interactions, means within the same sex with different superscript letters are significantly different, P < 0.05 (Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test).
There was no significant race-by-sex interaction and no significant main effect of race or sex.
There was no significant race-by-sex interaction. Men were taller than women. African Americans were not significantly different from whites, and both groups were taller than Asians.
There was no significant race-by-sex interaction. Men had more skeletal muscle than women. African Americans had more muscle than whites, who in turn had more skeletal muscle than Asians.