Calibration curves for authentic arecoline metabolites. Data are mean ± SD for duplicates. (A) Arecoline, linear from 0 to 25 μM, r2 = 0.997. (B) Arecaidine, linear from 0 to 25 μM, r2 = 0.992. (C) Arecoline N-oxide, linear from 0 to 100 μM, r2 = 0.998. (D) N-Methylnipecotic acid, linear from 0 to 50 μM, r2 = 0.992.