Purified apyrases were incubated with increasing concentrations of DTT (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) for 30 min. After quenching with iodoacetamide, part of the sample was analysed by non-reducing SDS/PAGE, and the other part was used to determine the relative enzymatic activity in relation to the mock sample.