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. 2006 Jul;188(13):4851–4860. doi: 10.1128/JB.00345-06

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Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology

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FIG. 4. — Functional analysis of P. aeruginosa Flp pili. (A) Twitching motility was tested for various P. aeruginosa strains. The PAO1 strain presents a clear zone of motility, whereas the pilD mutant is nonmotile despite overexpression of the flp (pMMBflp) or fppA (pBBRfppA) gene. (B) Attachment to polystyrene was analyzed in PAO1ΔfliCΔpilA/pMMBflp/pBBRfppA and PAO1ΔfliC ΔpilA/pMMB190/pBBR1MCS-2. Rings of attachment could be observed in strains overexpressing the flp and fppA genes, but not in strains containing the cloning vectors. (C) Quantification of crystal violet staining is presented. Error bars correspond to standard deviation from three distinct experiments. (D) Attachment to bronchial epithelial cells was examined with PAO1ΔfliCΔpilA/pMMBflp and PAO1ΔfliCΔpilA/pMMB190. Upon expression of the flp gene (pMMBflp), bacteria formed substantial aggregates at the cell surface.