Table 2.

Resting echocardiographic measurements

	Severe GHD (n = 38)	Mild GHD (n = 16)	Controls (n = 20)	p-value
M-mode and two-dimensional parameters
LVEDD (mm)	49.4 ± 5.8	49.1 ± 4.0	49.3 ± 4.0	NS
LVESD (mm)	30.7 ± 4.5	29.4 ± 3.9	30.1 ± 3.5	NS
IVS (mm)	9.8 ± 1.8	10.6 ± 1.4	10.0 ± 1.5	NS
PW (mm)	7.8 ± 1.4	7.8 ± 1.3	8.4 ± 1.4	NS
RWT	0.36 ± 0.05	0.38 ± 0.05	0.38 ± 0.06	NS
LVM (g)	194.2 ± 62.6	197.8 ± 46.6	195.3 ± 44.5	NS
LVMi (g/m2)	104.8 ± 27.6	109.1 ± 24.9	106.1 ± 22.7	NS
LVDV (ml)	82.3 ± 20.7	77.2 ± 19.2	80.8 ± 15.5	NS
LVSV (ml)	30.4 ± 9.2	27.4 ± 8.3	31.7 ± 6.6	NS
LA systolic area (cm2)	16.8 ± 3.8	15.7 ± 2.5	16.7 ± 1.4	NS
RA systolic area (cm2)	14.2 ± 2.9	13.6 ± 2.2	14.1 ± 1.3	NS
Pericardial adiposity	26 (68.4%)*	10 (71.4%)*	4 (20%)	<0.001
Left ventricular function
EFS (%)	39.0 ± 5.1	40.1 ± 5.5	38.8 ± 4.9	NS
MFS (%)	18.6 ± 2.7	18.8 ± 1.8	18.1 ± 2.3	NS
LVEF (%)	63.5 ± 5.8	63.6 ± 9.0	61.5 ± 5.3	NS
Mitral E/A velocity ratio	1.24 ± 0.56	0.99 ± 0.27	1.18 ± 0.48	NS
E-dt	175.5 ± 36.8	195.7 ± 53.2	173.7 ± 39.8	NS
PV S/D ratio	1.1 ± 0.6	1.0 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.3	NS
PV A velocity	28.9 ± 3.2	29.3 ± 5.2	27.3 ± 4.2	NS

Values are mean ± SD. Scheffé test for comparison of individual groups: *p < 0.01 (groups A-B vs C).

Legends: E/A, Early/late diastolic velocity at left ventricular (LV) inflow; E-dt, E-velocity deceleration time; EFS, Endocardial fractional shortening; IVS, Interventricular septal thickness; LA, Left atrium; LVDV, LV diastolic volume; LVEDD, LV end-systolic diameter; LVEF, LV ejection fraction; LVESD, LV end-systolic diameter; LVM/LVMi, absolute/indexed LV mass; LVSV, LV systolic volume; MFS, midwall fractional shortening; PV, Right superior pulmonary vein; PW, Posterior wall thickness; RA, Right atrium; RWT, Relative wall thickness; S/D, Systolic/Diastolic velocity.