Table 1.

Author Recommendations for Training

Venue	Method	Potential Topics
Formal teaching reported by trainees
Grand rounds, core lecture series	Interactive lecture	Background, policy dissemination
Small groups	Team learning, case-based learning	Individual error discussions
Simulation	OSCE	Error discussion in teams, disclosure to patients
Short courses	Interactive didactic, modeling, faculty development	Policy, root cause analysis, disclosure technique
Interdisciplinary rounds	Case discussion	Common errors seen in pharmacy, allied health fields, root cause analysis
E-mail	Directive	Policy, banned abbreviation
Attending rounds	Modeling, case discussion	Addressing commonality of errors, specific knowledge and skills, emotional support
Other teaching methods recommended by trainees
Chart review	Practice-based learning and improvement	Quality improvement, case discussion
Panel discussion	Modeling	Common errors, approach to response, psychological readiness

OSCE, objective structured clinical examination