Table 2.

Participant Perceptions of Their Clinical Skills and the Workshop

	Mean ( ± SD)		P-Value
	Control Group, N = 32	Intervention Group, N = 23
Comfort assessing the psychosocial needs of patients after a disaster
Pretest	2.43 ( ± 0.77)	2.14 ( ± 0.64)
Posttest	3.19 ( ± 0.65)	2.97 ( ± 0.60)
Pre-post change	0.77 ( ± 0.24)	0.74 ( ± 0.25)	.66
95% CI of the difference*	−0.17 to 0.11
Overall reluctance to address psychosocial needs of patients during a crisis
Pretest	2.43 ( ± 0.62)	2.42 ( ± 0.70)
Posttest	1.93 ( ± 0.55)	1.97 ( ± 0.49)
Pre-post change	−0.50 ( ± 0.66)	−0.45 ( ± 0.57)	.77
95% CI of the difference*	−0.28 to 0.38
How prepared are you to respond to psychosocial needs of patients during a crisis
Pretest	1.94 ( ± 0.84)	1.75 ( ± 0.72)
Posttest	3.25 ( ± 0.51)	3.15 ( ± 0.67)
Pre-post change	1.31 ( ± 0.59)	1.40 ( ± 0.68)	.61
95% CI of the difference*	−0.26 to 0.45
How prepared are you to screen patients for stress disorders in the setting of a crisis
Pretest	1.94 ( ± 0.80)	1.95 ( ± 0.95)
Posttest	3.28 ( ± 0.58)	3.35 ( ± 0.75)
Pre-post change	1.34 ( ± 0.55)	1.40 ( ± 0.99)	.79
95% CI of the difference*	−0.40 to 0.52
How prepared are you to care for and treat stress and anxiety during a crisis
Pretest	2.06 ( ± 1.22)	1.65 ( ± 0.88)
Posttest	3.12 ( ± 0.94)	3.10 ( ± 0.72)
Pre-post change	1.06 ( ± 0.67)	1.45 ( ± 0.76)	.055
95% CI of the difference*	0.00 to 0.79
Overall workshop effectiveness	3.66 ( ± 0.60)	3.45 ( ± 0.60)	.26
Effectiveness of small groups with live SPs	3.71 ( ± 0.59)	3.55 ( ± 0.67)	.36
Effectiveness of virtual SPs		3.50 ( ± 0.67)

^*This number represents the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference between the pre-post change in the intervention group and the pre-post change in the control group.

CI, confidence interval, SP, standardized patients