Table 3.

Poor Glycemic Control (HbA_1c≥8.0%) by Depression Severity^*

	No Depression	Minimal to Mild Depression	Moderate to Severe Depression	P Value
	n=47	n=92	n=70
Poor glycemic control
N (%)	15 (31.9)	39 (42.4)	39 (55.7)	.01†
Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	reference	1.57 (0.75 to 3.29)	2.68 (1.24 to 5.82)	.01‡
Adjusted OR (95% CI)§	reference	1.51 (0.67 to 3.42)	3.27 (1.23 to 8.64)	.02‡

^*For patients with more than 1 HbA_1c test available in the dataset, the value closest to the administration of the study's questionnaire was used in the analysis. The “no depression” group is the reference category.

^†Calculated with the Cochran-Armitage trend test (Z=−2.59).

^‡Calculated by Wald χ² tests for the comparison between the moderate to severe and no depression groups.

^§Adjusted for age, gender, household income, education level, marital status, presence of current anxiety disorders, and self-perceived physical health.

Results did not change when anxiety score rather than presence of current anxiety disorders was included as a covariate.

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.