Table 1.

Characteristics of Past Participants and NonParticipants

	Participants*n=108	Nonparticipants n=99	P Value
Demographics
Male (%)	61.1	59.6	.82
Age, mean y (SD)	42.4	42.9	.38
Non-Hispanic white (%)	84.5	85.7	.80
Professional characteristics
MD (%)	93.5	92.9	.87
MPH (%)	29.6	13.1	.004
General Internal Medicine/Geriatrics (%)	90.5	66.7	<.001
Works in a hospital or academic medical center (%)	51.4	43.9	.08
Spent >60 h per week working in past year (%)	30.6	40.2	.15
Currently has a medical school faculty appointment (%)	76.9	65.7	.07
Faculty rank Associate or Full Professor	28.9	46.2	.03
Has ever held an educational leadership role (%)	39.3	44.4	.45
Percent of total work hours in the past year (%):†
Clinical	46.2	46.5	.69
Teaching	12.3	8.4	.08
Educational program development	4.1	2.2	.29
Research (%)	11.5	5.4	.02
Noneducational administration	7.0	10.5	.05
Scholarly activity (%)
Ever authored a scholarly publication	78.5	67.7	.08
Ever presented at a national or regional meeting	80.6	66.3	.02
Funding during the past 2 y for research	34.3	26.0	.20

^*Only includes participants from years when nonparticipants were selected, 1988 to 1995.

^†Totals do not add to 100% owing to incomplete item responses.